The identification of facial expressions’ is essential part of the communication and differ across cultures. In this study, the aim is to develop an emotion identification test with facial expressions of Turkish people and test the reliability and validity. As stimuli, 7 photos of fundamental face expressions’ were taken in 64 Turkish citizens between 18-60 ages. 72 participants with same age range completed the Empathy Scale, Facial Emotion Identification Test and the test that prepared for the current study called “Emotion Identification Test from Facial Expressions of Healthy Individuals in Turkish Society” to test the validity and reliability and repeated 15 days later. The Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney U, Pearson Correlation tests are used to determine the differences between scales. The findings are evaluated in the range of 95% reliability level and %5 (p<0,05) relevance level. The correlation level of the Emotion Identification Test from Facial Expressions of Healthy Individuals in Turkish Society test-retest was found as r=0.58. According to results, women more accurately recognize the disgust face expressions in the newly developed test than men do. Moreover, the scared, shocked and happy facial expressions and total scores were different between the Facial Emotion Identification Test and new test. Current study is the first study about developing a facial expression test in Turkish population that validates psychometric properties comparing with other social cognitive scales. We believe that this test will a good alternative in research fields of neurology and psychiatry conducted with Turkish populations.

Aim: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) involves complex alterations in brain structure that persist across the lifespan. While structural brain alterations are known in children, the persistence of these neuroanatomical differences into adulthood remains less understood. This study examines the neuroanatomical basis of ASD in adulthood, specifically investigating how cortical thickness (CT) and structural similarity networks (SSN) are organized within the social brain network. Materials and Methods: T1-weighted MRI data were obtained for 24 adults with ASD and 24 neurotypical (NT) controls (ages 18–30) from the OpenNeuro dataset (ds002522). Image preprocessing was performed using the recon-all pipeline in FreeSurfer. We investigated CT and SSN at both: (1) the whole-brain, and (2) a hypothesis-driven level targeting 14 specific social brain network regions. CT was assessed using vertex-wise surface-based morphometry, while SSN were constructed using the Morphometric INverse Divergence (MIND) method. MIND quantifies morphological similarities based on the divergence of regional distributions for thickness, volume, surface area, mean curvature, and sulcal depth. Results: The SSN analysis revealed significantly increased nodal connectivity strength in the ASD group within the right posterior insula (pFDR=0.04) and the orbital part of the right inferior frontal gyrus (pFDR = 0.04). ROI-based CT comparisons and whole-brain SSN analyses showed no significant group differences. Conclusion: Our findings reveal a neuroanatomical signature in adults with ASD, characterized by localized structural hyper-connectivity within the inferior frontal gyrus and the insula. These results highlight that adult ASD is defined by persistent structural anomalies, manifesting as atypically high structural similarity within key social brain nodes rather than widespread, global network disruptions.